In what year did the Brady Bill come under criticism for violating the principle of separation of powers?

The Brady Bill, officially known as the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, was enacted in 1993 to require background checks on firearm purchasers in the United States. The criticism regarding its compliance with the principle of separation of powers primarily came after its passage, particularly as the law was challenged in courts and by various lawmakers.

In 1997, the Supreme Court case Printz v. United States ruled that certain provisions of the Brady Bill were unconstitutional because they compelled state officers to enforce federal laws, thus infringing on states' rights. This case highlighted the tensions between federal authority and state sovereignty, drawing significant attention to the separation of powers doctrine.

Understanding this context helps clarify why 1997 is viewed as a significant year for the Brady Bill's criticism regarding the separation of powers, particularly as it marked a pivotal judicial interpretation and acknowledgment of these constitutional concerns.