What are Enumerated powers?

Enumerated powers refer to the specific authorities granted to Congress that are explicitly outlined in the United States Constitution, primarily in Article I, Section 8. This section delineates the range of legislative powers that Congress possesses, such as the power to levy taxes, regulate commerce, and declare war, among others. These powers are foundational for the functioning of the federal government, as they establish the scope of national legislative authority.

By being explicitly described in the Constitution, enumerated powers help to limit the federal government’s reach, as it cannot exercise powers beyond those listed. This clear definition contrasts with implied powers, which are not specifically listed but can be interpreted from the enumerated powers. The distinction is integral to understanding the framework of U.S. federalism and the separation of powers between state and federal levels.