What does "Nullification" refer to in the context of states' rights?

Nullification refers to the concept that a state has the right to declare a federal law void within its borders, based on the idea that the states are sovereign entities and have the authority to determine the constitutionality of federal actions. This principle is rooted in states' rights, suggesting that states possess certain powers and may uphold their interests in opposition to federal mandates.

The context for nullification emerged notably during the early 19th century when states such as South Carolina asserted this right in response to federal tariffs they deemed unjust. The theory posits that if a state believes a federal law oversteps constitutional boundaries or violates state interests, it can choose not to enforce that law. This concept was controversial and has been largely rejected by the courts and the federal government, affirming that federal law is supreme.

By understanding nullification in this way, it becomes clear that it directly aligns with the belief in states' rights, contrasting with ideas that support federal supremacy or the notion that states should enforce federal laws without question.