What is the Lemon Test used for?

The Lemon Test is a legal framework established by the Supreme Court to examine the constitutionality of government actions concerning religion, particularly with respect to the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. This test was first introduced in the case Lemon v. Kurtzman in 1971. It sets out three criteria that must be met for government actions or laws to be considered constitutional in their dealings with religion. These criteria assess whether the government action has a secular purpose, whether its primary effect neither advances nor inhibits religion, and whether it fosters an excessive government entanglement with religion.

In the context of religious establishment issues, the Lemon Test serves as a critical tool for courts to evaluate if a government policy or action improperly supports or hinders religious practices or institutions, thereby ensuring a separation of church and state as mandated by the Constitution. As such, it plays a significant role in maintaining the neutrality of government in religious matters and protecting the rights of individuals regarding their beliefs. This is why the correct answer centers around examining the constitutionality of religious establishment issues.