Which of the following are considered forms of symbolic speech?

Symbolic speech refers to nonverbal forms of communication that convey a particular message or idea, often related to political expression or social issues. The correct choice highlights actions that have historically been recognized as forms of symbolic speech under the protection of the First Amendment.

Picketing serves as a means of protest, allowing individuals or groups to publicly express their opinions on various issues, particularly in the context of labor disputes or social movements. Flag burning is a provocative act meant to convey dissent or political statements, and it has been upheld in some court rulings as a form of protected speech. Wearing an armband can similarly symbolize a stance on an issue, famously exemplified by the Tinker v. Des Moines case, where students wore black armbands to protest the Vietnam War, which the Supreme Court deemed as protected expressive conduct.

The other options, while they may involve communication or expression, are less direct forms of symbolic speech or do not convey the same level of political expression recognized in key legal precedents. Written posts and social media campaigns, for instance, involve verbal or textual communication rather than purely symbolic acts. Civil disobedience and protests can overlap with symbolic speech, yet they often encompass a broader range of actions that may not always be characterized as